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天津人教版数学初一上册有理数的运算与分式一元一次方程计算练习卷

天津人教版数学初一上册有理数的运算与分式一元一次方程计算练习卷 班级：______________ 姓名：______________ 完成时间：_______ 分钟 得分：_______ 一、有理数运算（共12题） 请直接写出计算结果： 1. ( − 5 ) + ( − 3 ) = (-5) + (-3) = ( − 5 ) + ( − 3 ) = 2.

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天津人教版数学初一上册有理数的运算与分式一元一次方程计算练习卷


班级：______________ 姓名：______________

完成时间：_______ 分钟 得分：_______


一、有理数运算（共12题）

请直接写出计算结果：


1. (−5)+(−3)=(-5) + (-3) = 

2. (−7)−(−2)=(-7) - (-2) = 

3. (−4)×6=(-4) \times 6 = 

4. (−18)÷3=(-18) \div 3 = 

5. (−2)3=(-2)^3 = 

6. (−1)2026=(-1)^{2026} = 

7. (−3)2×(−1)=(-3)^2 \times (-1) = 

8. (−2)+5−(−3)=(-2) + 5 - (-3) = 

9. (−12)÷(−4)×2=(-12) \div (-4) \times 2 = 

10. (−5)×(−2)−3=(-5) \times (-2) - 3 = 

11. (−2)2+(−3)3=(-2)^2 + (-3)^3 = 

12. (−1)−(−1)×2=(-1) - (-1) \times 2 = 



二、有理数混合运算（共6题）

请写出计算过程：


1. (−2)+8÷(−4)(-2) + 8 \div (-4)








2. (−3)2×(−13)+2(-3)^2 \times (-\frac{1}{3}) + 2








3. (−1)2023−(−2)3÷4(-1)^{2023} - (-2)^3 \div 4








4. (−5)×[(−2)+3]−1(-5) \times [(-2) + 3] - 1









5. (−2)2×3−(−4)÷2(-2)^2 \times 3 - (-4) \div 2








6. (−1)−(−2)×(−3)+4(-1) - (-2) \times (-3) + 4










三、一元一次方程（共8题）

请解下列方程：


1. 3x+23+8x−19=11\frac{3x+2}{3} + \frac{8x-1}{9} = 11








2. 5x+123−7x−54=7\frac{5x+12}{3} - \frac{7x-5}{4} = 7








3. 4x+2=3x+84x + 2 = 3x + 8








4. 5x−3=2x+95x - 3 = 2x + 9








5. 2(x−3)=102(x - 3) = 10








6. 3(x+1)=2x+73(x + 1) = 2x + 7








7. x2+1=3\frac{x}{2} + 1 = 3








8. 2x−13=5\frac{2x - 1}{3} = 5








四、分式方程（共4题）

请解下列分式方程：

1. 1x=2\frac{1}{x} = 2












2. 2x+1=1\frac{2}{x+1} = 1












3. 3x−2=12\frac{3}{x-2} = \frac{1}{2}












4. xx−1=2\frac{x}{x-1} = 2












参考答案与解析

一、有理数运算

1. (−5)+(−3)=−8(-5) + (-3) = -8

2. (−7)−(−2)=−5(-7) - (-2) = -5

3. (−4)×6=−24(-4) \times 6 = -24

4. (−18)÷3=−6(-18) \div 3 = -6

5. (−2)3=−8(-2)^3 = -8

6. (−1)2024=1(-1)^{2024} = 1

7. (−3)2×(−1)=9×(−1)=−9(-3)^2 \times (-1) = 9 \times (-1) = -9

8. (−2)+5−(−3)=3+3=6(-2) + 5 - (-3) = 3 + 3 = 6

9. (−12)÷(−4)×2=3×2=6(-12) \div (-4) \times 2 = 3 \times 2 = 6

10. (−5)×(−2)−3=10−3=7(-5) \times (-2) - 3 = 10 - 3 = 7

11. (−2)2+(−3)3=4+(−27)=−23(-2)^2 + (-3)^3 = 4 + (-27) = -23

12. (−1)−(−1)×2=−1−(−2)=1(-1) - (-1) \times 2 = -1 - (-2) = 1


二、有理数混合运算

1. (−2)+8÷(−4)=−2+(−2)=−4(-2) + 8 \div (-4) = -2 + (-2) = -4

2. (−3)2×(−13)+2=9×(−13)+2=−3+2=−1(-3)^2 \times (-\frac{1}{3}) + 2 = 9 \times (-\frac{1}{3}) + 2 = -3 + 2 = -1

3. (−1)2023−(−2)3÷4=−1−(−8)÷4=−1−(−2)=1(-1)^{2023} - (-2)^3 \div 4 = -1 - (-8) \div 4 = -1 - (-2) = 1

4. (−5)×[(−2)+3]−1=(−5)×1−1=−5−1=−6(-5) \times [(-2) + 3] - 1 = (-5) \times 1 - 1 = -5 - 1 = -6

5. (−2)2×3−(−4)÷2=4×3−(−2)=12+2=14(-2)^2 \times 3 - (-4) \div 2 = 4 \times 3 - (-2) = 12 + 2 = 14

6. (−1)−(−2)×(−3)+4=−1−6+4=−3(-1) - (-2) \times (-3) + 4 = -1 - 6 + 4 = -3


三、一元一次方程

1. 2x+3=112x + 3 = 11，移项得2x=82x = 8，解得x=4x = 4。

2. 3x−5=73x - 5 = 7，移项得3x=123x = 12，解得x=4x = 4。

3. 4x+2=3x+84x + 2 = 3x + 8，移项得4x−3x=8−24x - 3x = 8 - 2，解得x=6x = 6。

4. 5x−3=2x+95x - 3 = 2x + 9，移项得5x−2x=9+35x - 2x = 9 + 3，解得x=4x = 4。

5. 2(x−3)=102(x - 3) = 10，去括号得2x−6=102x - 6 = 10，移项得2x=162x = 16，解得x=8x = 8。

6. 3(x+1)=2x+73(x + 1) = 2x + 7，去括号得3x+3=2x+73x + 3 = 2x + 7，移项得x=4x = 4。

7. x2+1=3\frac{x}{2} + 1 = 3，移项得x2=2\frac{x}{2} = 2，解得x=4x = 4。

8. 2x−13=5\frac{2x - 1}{3} = 5，两边乘以3得2x−1=152x - 1 = 15，移项得2x=162x = 16，解得x=8x = 8。


四、分式方程

1. 1x=2\frac{1}{x} = 2，两边乘以xx得1=2x1 = 2x，解得x=12x = \frac{1}{2}。经检验，x=12x = \frac{1}{2}是原方程的解。

2. 2x+1=1\frac{2}{x+1} = 1，两边乘以x+1x+1得2=x+12 = x+1，解得x=1x = 1。经检验，x=1x = 1是原方程的解。

3. 3x−2=12\frac{3}{x-2} = \frac{1}{2}，两边乘以2(x−2)2(x-2)得6=x−26 = x-2，解得x=8x = 8。经检验，x=8x = 8是原方程的解。

4. xx−1=2\frac{x}{x-1} = 2，两边乘以x−1x-1得x=2(x−1)x = 2(x-1)，去括号得x=2x−2x = 2x - 2，移项得x=2x = 2。经检验，x=2x = 2是原方程的解。